Agrobacterium mediated delivery of infectious maize streak. A previously uncharacterized virus was isolated from fallplanted sweet corn zea mays l. Taxonomy navigation mastrevirus all lower taxonomy nodes 39 common name isynonym iother names i. Effect of maize streak virus disease on the growth and yield. Rybicki1,2 1department of molecular and cell biology, university of cape town, pb rondebosch, 7701, south africa. Reconstructing the history of maize streak virus strain a. Various genetic factors for resistance to the virus have been identified and mapped in several populations. We do not use these to store personal information about you. Twentyfour isolates of maize streak virus msv derived from maize, sugarcane and grasses were compared to a maize isolate of the virus mnm from nigeria.
Physical structure and genetic organization of the genome. Relative proportions of named species in a the four subphyla constituting the arthropoda and b the orders in the insecta, with numbers in parentheses. The reaction of maize genotypes to maize streak virus. Based on previous editions produced by cimmyt maize. Maize streak disease msd is a major threat to cereal crops in subsaharan africa. Maize fine streak virus, a new leafhoppertransmitted rhabdovirus. Pdf the paper describes work going on in our lab in 1988 on msv. Howell, physical structure and genetic organization of the genome of maize streak virus kenyan isolate, nucleic acids research, volume, issue 8, 25 april 1985, pages 30183019. Top of page there has been confusion over the taxonomy of maize streak virus msv with regard to synonyms and strains, mainly due to the geographical distribution and host range of the virus.
Agrobacteriummediated delivery of infectious maize streak. Purified preparations contained particles 20 nm in diameter, some occurring singly, but most occurring in pairs, forming structures of 30. Of the 11 known strains of the etiological agent, msv, only the msva strain currently causes economically significant streak disease in maize. However, in the report he does make reference to articles in the agricultural journal for august 3rd and 31st, 1900, and quotes personal sources as having noticed the disease of mealie variegation. Makes very interesting reading in this day and age. Maize streak virus msv is one of at least eight viruses that cause significant agronomic losses in maize zea mays l. Mar 30, 2015 the history of maize streak virus research is generally taken as starting in 1901, with the publication of the by claude fuller, entomologist. Naked dna of the geminivirus maize streak virus msv is not infectious to plants by itself and the intact virus can only infect if transmitted. General information about maize streak virus msv000 this website uses cookies our website uses cookies to ensure that we give you the best possible online experience. Kenya, south africa, zimbabwe and zaire, and west africa e. The streak disease has a major effect on maize in subsaharan africa. It is the causative agent for maize streak disease msd, a major maize disease in subsaharan africa ininda et al. Msv recombination experiments and analyses of natural msv. This study investigated the interrelationships between altitudes and levels of soil macronutrients with msv disease and its vectors.
Maize streak virus genes essential for systemic spread and. The history of maize streak virus research is generally taken as starting in 1901, with the publication of the by claude fuller, entomologist. Purification of maize streak virus and its relationship to. Considering the overwhelming contribution of maize to the total daily caloric. Pdf a gene for resistance to the maize streak virus in the. Oppong a, offei sk, ofori k, adudapaah h, lamptey jn, et al.
Maize streak disease is caused by maize streak virus msv. Status of northen leaf blight, phaeosphaeria maydis leaf spot. Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature top of page there has been confusion over the taxonomy of maize streak virus msv with regard to synonyms and strains, mainly due to the geographical distribution and host range of the virus. Dating the origins of the maizeadapted strain of maize. Pdf maize fine streak virus, a new leafhoppertransmitted. Maize streak virus cannot be transmitted through seeds or any other method. Determining where msva originated and how it spread transcontinentally could yield valuable insights into its historical emergence as a crop pathogen. Recombination hotspots and host susceptibility modulate the. A comparative study was, therefore, conducted to determine the efficiency of both methods in breeding for msv resistance in. The substitution rates implied by our analyses agree closely with those estimated previously in. Pdf a gene for resistance to the maize streak virus in. Field experiments were conducted from 1989 to 1991 at ibadan, nigeria, to assess effects of maize streak virus msv disease on growth and yield of maize varieties having different levels of disease resistance. Maize streak virus msv was purified by homogenising infected leaf tissue in 001 m ph 39 phosphate buffer and clarifying the extract with n. Yields are restricted by nitrogen and phosphorous deficiencies in the soil and by the prevalence of maize streak virus.
Despite this, the average yield of maize in africa is the lowest in the world and, as a result, fails to meet the high demands in most subsaharan countries denic et al. Research journal of plant pathology imedpub journals 1 3 of. Genus mastrevirus, family geminiviridae, the maizeadapted strain of msv that causes maize streak disease throughout subsaharan africa, probably arose between 100 and 200 years ago via homologous recombination between two msv strains adapted to wild grasses. Genetic analysis of maize streak virus isolates from uganda reveals widespread distribution of a recombinant variant article pdf available in journal of general virology 88pt 11. It has a complex and poorly understood epidemiology, with periodic outbreaks occurring that devastate the maize yields of small and mediumscale farmers 42, 61. The astrain of msv msva causes sporadic maize streak disease. Effect of maize streak virus disease on the growth and. Status of northen leaf blight, phaeosphaeria maydis leaf. Virus infection at early crop stages may result in total crop loss. Cab direct platform is the most thorough and extensive source of reference in the applied life sciences, incorporating the leading bibliographic databases cab abstracts and global health. Left cryoelectron microscopic reconstruction of maize streak virus msv viewed along a twofold axis of symmetry. Land preparation use any method mechanical, chemical and manual that can adequately remove weeds and keep the soil loose for good seedbed. Some important diseases of maize are maize streak virus, downy mildew, and highland blight among others. Maize streak, maize stripe and maize mosaic virus diseases qj.
Transmission of maize streak virus like many other viruses, maize streak virus depends on insect vectors for transmission between host plants. Constant temperatures between 10 and 25 c and diurnally. Maize streak virus msv introduction maize streak virus msv causes a leaf disease in maize known as maize streak disease, also commonly called msv or maize streak. Maize streak virus an overview sciencedirect topics. Exserohilum turcicum, phaeosphaeria maydis, bipolaris maydis, puccinia polysora, puccinia sorghi and maize streak virus were the most serious maize pathogens found in kenya during a 199596 survey of 65 farms representing all the agroecological zones. Response of maize germ plasm to infection by maize streak virus in the seedling and six to palatable to c. Maize fine streak virus, a new leafhoppertransmitted. Research journal of plant pathology imedpub journals 1 3. Pdf pest and disease manualdiseases of maize pdfvirus. Msv was first detected in south africa at the beginning of the century, and similar virus diseases. Effect of plant age at time of infection with maize streak virus on yield of maize.
Impact of maize virus diseases and current research regions the three main tropical maize viruses are. Maize streak virus msv000overview eppo global database. Genus mastrevirus, family geminiviridae, the maize adapted strain of msv that causes maize streak disease throughout subsaharan africa, probably arose between 100 and 200 years ago via homologous recombination between two msv strains adapted to wild grasses. Rybicki1,2 1department of molecular and cell biology, university of cape town, pb rondebosch, 7701, south africa 2institute of infectious disease and. Msv is a serious threat to maize production on the african continent. Damsteegt, research plant pathologist, plant disease research. The use of pushpull strategies in integrated pest management. The development of management strategies for maize streak.
A gene for resistance to the maize streak virus in the african cimmyt maize inbred line cml202. Reliable information regarding comparative advantage of markerassisted selection mas over conventional selection cs in breeding for maize streak virus msv resistance in maize zea mays l. Maize streak virus causes a plant disease, known as maize streak disease msd in its major host. Cicadulina species are the only insects known to transmit maize streak virus from one maize plant to another.
It is a major viral disease of maize in subsaharan africa ininda et al. Association of maize streak virus disease and its vectors. The role of temperature in the biology of the leafhopper, cicadulina mbila, and on the transmission and storage of maize streak virus, was investigated. The second phase of the maize streak virus project, whilst continuing to study the important aspects of the epidemiology of the disease, has concentrated on the development of management strategies for maize streak virus disease msvd based on cultural control practices that are acceptable to farmers. Here, we use whole msv genomes sampled over 30 years to estimate the dates of key evolutionary events in the 500 year association of msv and maize. Characterization of maize streak virus british society for plant. Incidence of maize streak virus the msv disease is a significant maize disease in countries in eastern and southern africa e. Development of maize hybrids resistant to maize streak virus. Msv disease reduced yield and growth in all years, but varieties differed significantly in amount of loss, disease severity and incidence.
The inheritance by a leafhopper of the ability to transmit a plant virus. Maize streak, maize stripe and maize mosaic virus diseases. Although this size is sufficient to encode only three average sized proteins, the virus is capable of causing severe disease of many monocots with symptoms of chlorosis and stunting. Significance and transmission of maize streak virus. Mar 26, 2020 pdf pest and disease manualdiseases of maize pdfvirus. This field facts briefly discusses msv and its leafhopper vector, maize streak disease symptoms. Growing maize in nigeria choice of land any well drained sandy loam or loamy soil can be used for planting maize but if in doubt, contact your nearest extension office or agroservice center. Maize is produced with very few productivity enhancing inputs and yield is generally below 1. Quantitative trait loci mapping for resistance to maize. Maize dwarf mosaic virus or wheat streak mosaic virus. Significance and transmission of maize streak virus disease. The entire genome of single component geminiviruses such as maize streak virus msv consists of a singlestranded circular dna of 2.
Maize streak disease msd is one of the most serious biotic constraints to maize production in subsaharan africa. Msv recombination experiments and analyses of natural msv recombination patterns have revealed. Continuing to use this website means you agree to our use of cookies. Maize streak disease virus is spread by several species of leafhoppers that belong to the genus cicadulina 23, 77, 107, 108, 117. Redinbaugh and dallas lynn seifers and tea meulia and juergen abt and robert j. Quantitative trait loci mapping for resistance to maize streak virus in f 2.
Pdf genetic mapping of maize streak virus resistance from. Maize was grown primarily as a food crop up to the 1970s. Maize is the favoured host of this vectorvirus complex. Its production is constraint by maize streak virus msv disease. Maize streak virus strain a msva, the causal agent of maize streak disease, is today one of the most serious biotic threats to african food security. Pdf genetic mapping of maize streak virus resistance. Numerous viral pathogens affect maize productivity, with maize streak virus disease msvd being considered as the most significant biological threat. Recombination hotspots and host susceptibility modulate. Pdf genetic analysis of maize streak virus isolates from. Maize streak virus how is maize streak virus abbreviated. Naked dna of the geminivirus maize streak virus msv is not infectious to plants by itself and the intact virus can only infect if transmitted by an insect vector4. Transmission of maize streak virus from grasses to maize. Replication of maize streak virus mutants in maize protoplasts. A double infection of maize chlorotic mottle virus mcmv and sugarcane mosaic virus scmv or any of the cereal viruses in the potyviridae group e.
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