The dirty air clogging our lungs both indoors and outdoors is linked to around 7 million premature deaths worldwide every year, with developing countries such as. Air pollution is a major concern of new civilized world, which has a serious toxicological impact on human health and the environment. Health effects notebook for hazardous air pollutants. The effects of air pollutants on vegetation and the role of. Air plays a vital role not only in nature but also in the lives of human beings and all living organisms. An air pollution health risk assessment aphra estimates the health impact to be expected from mea sures that affect air. These acids are formed primarily by nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned. Health impacts of air pollution european environment agency. Observations of the health effects of pm air pollution particle mass the global burden of diseases study 2015 has estimated the global extent of the health burden of exposure to ambient pm air pollution, with 7. The combined effects of ambient outdoor and household air pollution cause about 7 million premature deaths every year, largely as a result of increased mortality from stroke, heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer and acute. A longer exposure to radioactive radiations can damage the dna cells that results in cancer, genetic defects for the generations to come and even death. Pdf impact of household air pollution on human health. Air pollution can considerably affect childrens health.
Literature from both developing and developed nations indicates the adverse. Heart disease, stroke, and outdoor air pollution, epa456. Recurring congestion can result in repeated and chronic exposures, and an increase in long term health risks. Air pollution is a public health emergency in the uk. Air pollution is responsible for many health problems in the urban areas. The sources of hap and its health impacts should be considered in the. Increased combustion of fossil fuels in the last century is responsible for the progressive change in the atmospheric composition. Air pollution is now fully acknowledged to be a significant public health problem, responsible for a growing range of health effects that are well documented from the results of an extensive research effort conducted in many regions of the world. Air pollution and its effects on health case studies, india. Air pollution and health from smog hanging over cities to smoke inside the home, air pollution poses a major threat to health and climate. A tool kit pdf icon pdf 726 kb heart health and air pollution. The impact of fine particles and ozone executive summary air pollution is a leading environmental threat to the health of urban populations overall and specifically to new york city residents. The results suggest that health improvements can be expected to appear almost immediately and can be seen following almost any decrease in the concentration of pm for example, the observed beneficial effects in respiratory health of the swiss children occurred following relatively small changes of rather moderate air pollution levels enormously strengthens the argument for optimal air quality management.
Health risk assessment of transportrelated air pollution. This study investigates the magnitude of air pollution impacts and health risks to on and nearroad populations that might occur due to recurring congestion, such as monday through friday rush hour traffic. Html or pdf 2pp, 3mb effects of common air pollutants medical poster. These substances include certain volatile organic chemicals, pesticides, herbicides, and radionuclides that present tangible hazard, based on scientific studies of exposure to humans and other mammals. The high level of air pollution in india is a major public health and development issue that has significant implications for planetary health. Air pollution is a mixture of natural and manmade substances in the air we breathe. Along with harming human health, air pollution can cause a variety of environmental effects. Air pollutants, such as carbon monoxide co, sulfur dioxide so2, nitrogen oxides nox. Detailed information about the health effects of hazardous air pollutants haps is available in separate fact sheets, for nearly every hap specified in the clean air act amendments of 1990. Environmental pollution is any discharge of material or energy into water, land, or air that causes or may.
There is evidence that medications used to manage lung or heart disease may reduce the severity of health effects caused by air pollution liu 2009, qian 2009. The health effects of air pollution john locke foundation. Air pollution is a significant r isk factor for mu ltiple health conditions including respirator y infections, heart disease, and lung cancer, according to the who. Plausible mechanism of air pollution health effect. A comparison of the health effects of ambient particulate. Heart disease, stroke, and outdoor air pollution external icon. Your actual risk of adverse effects depends on your current health status, the pollutant type and concentration, and the length of your exposure to the polluted air. Policy interventions to address health impacts associated. Effects of air pollution on human health and practical measures for prevention in iran article pdf available in journal of research in medical sciences 215 september 2016 with 28,457 reads. In the last section, the consequences of air pollution on the reinsurance industry are discussed.
Air pollution is also likely to affect health over the longer term. Children and teens may be more sensitive than adults to the health effects caused by air pollution especially children with asthma. Activist groups issue reports with scary titles such as danger in the air. Box 2208, heraklion, 71003, greece received 4 june 2007. Air quality air quality resources for professionals cdc. The effects of air pollution on a persons health can range from mild breathing difficulties to severe. Human health effects of air pollution marilena kampa, elias castanas laboratory of experimental endocrinology, university of crete, school of medicine, p. Trends in ambient air pollution exposure and health impacts. These acids are formed primarily by nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides released into the. For example, the committee on the medical effects of air pollution committee on the medical effects of air pollution, 2000 concluded that overall evidence is small that nonbiological outdoor air pollution has an important effect on the initiation and provocation of asthma, 2000. Noxious health effects caused by air pollution can be classified as due to either chronic or acute exposure. A tool kit pdf icon pdf 3 mb you can also share this podcast with tips for avoiding the harmful health effects of poor air quality. Acid rain is precipitation containing harmful amounts of nitric and sulfuric acids. Pdf air pollution can harm human health, the environment, and.
These toolkits can help you communicate with consumers about public health issues related to air pollution. Campbell h, nair h 20 risk factors for severe acute lower. In the second section, the consequences of air pollution on health are documented. Steps you can take to reduce health effects from air pollution epa external icon. The radiations destroy the cells in human body and causes cancer. These include stroke and heart disease, respiratory illness and cancers. This colorful poster is designed for use in patient waiting areas or exam rooms to educate your patients about the health effects of air pollution on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Air pollution is associated with a number of adverse health effects, including heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, miscarriage, reduction in intelligence, and even mental illness. Health risk assessment of air pollution whoeurope world health. Also, for people with a medical condition called heart failure, air pollution can further reduce the ability of.
Air pollution reference list authors title and citation link to article balakrishnan k et al addressing the burden of disease attributable to air pollution in india. Of late, the air pollution status in delhi has undergone many changes in terms of the levels of pollutants and the control measures taken to reduce them. There are large variations between the states of india in exposure to ambient particulate matter pollution and household air pollution and the consequent health. The environmental pollution includes air, water and land or soil pollution. Outdoor air pollution involves exposures that take place outside of the built environment. Understanding of the longterm health effects of exposure to air pollution is currently rather limited, but experts suggest that cutting long term exposure to. Chronic exposure to urban air pollution affects lung function, increases the risk of cvd and lung cancer, alters immunity, induces dna and. Human health effects of air pollution climate nexus. Nair, advisor national institute of environmental health, regional. Rains estimates of pm emissions from all landbased sources in the emep domain in 1990 and 2000.
Patient education tools ozone pollution and your patients health. In some instances, outdoor air pollution can make its way indoors by way of open windows, doors, ventilation, etc. Pdf causes, consequences and control of air pollution. Environmental effects along with harming human health, air pollution can cause a variety of environmental effects. Most of the information they receive about air pollution is alarming. At the moment, the health evidence base on air pollution. Air pollution and health the energy and resources institute. Family physicians can use the aqhi and its health messages to teach patients with asthma and other highrisk patients how to reduce health risks from air pollution. Air pollution and health risks due to vehicle traffic. The health effects range from increased hospital admissions and emergency room visits, to increased risk of premature death. The effects of air pollution on human health a major study links pollution in cities with deaths of elderly and sick people on a daily basis. Elderly people, children and infants, and people with lung or heart disease are most affected by exposure to both pollutants. Health effects of transportrelated air pollution whoeurope world.
Health effects of transportrelated air pollution the world health organization was established in 1948 as the specialized agency of the united nations responsible for directing and coordinating authority for. Even if the maximum technically feasible landbased reduction measures for abatement of air. Living organisms can survive without water for some time but cannot survive without air because when we breathe then we intake oxygen from air and. He further added that air pollution is caused of ill health and death by natural and manmade sources, major manmade sources of ambient air pollution include tobacco smoke, combustion of solid fuels for. Pdf household air pollution hap is one of the most important global environmental.
Environmental health perspectives is an open access journal published by the national institute of environmental health sciences. As a consequence, the strong growth in landbased freight transport volume. Ambient outdoor air pollution is a major cause of death and disease globally. Air pollution and health is the first fully comprehensive and current account of air pollution science and it impact on human health. Medical studies show that air pollution can trigger heart attacks, stroke, and irregular heart rhythmsespecially in people who are already at risk for these conditions. This paper discusses the health impacts arising from ambient and household air pollution globally and at the national level india and recommends policy measures to reduce the health impact from air pollution in the national context.
These effects, as discussed in this report, depend fundamentally on the nature of the compound in question, the concentration in the air and the time of individual exposure. Effects of nuclear pollution the effects vary from organism to organism and from level of radioactivity of nuclear isotopes. In this infographic you can know how it affects human beings. Now that you have understood the effects and causes of air pollution, here are some frequently asked questions that will give you an insight into air pollution and it various side effects in the long run. This report summarizes the latest evidence on the health impacts of air pollution and discusses how these health impacts affect how long, and how well, people live. It ranges in scope from meteorology, atmospheric chemistry, and particle physics to the causes and scope of allergic reactions and respiratory, cardiovascular, and related disorders. Even healthy people can experience health impacts from polluted air including respiratory irritation or breathing difficulties during exercise or outdoor activities.
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